A
Accessing Cues
The ways we tune our bodies by breathing, posture, gesture and eye movements to
think in certain ways.
Analogue
Continuously variable between limits, like a sliding scale.(adjective)
Anchoring
The process of associating one thing with another.
Anchor
Any stimulus that evokes a response. Anchors change our state. Anchors can occur
naturally or be set up intentionally.
As If
Using the imagination to explore the consequences of thoughts or actions, 'as
if' they had occurred.
Associated State
Inside an experience, seeing through your own eyes, fully in your senses.
Auditory
To do with the sense of hearing.
B
Backtrack
To review or summarise, using another person's key words and tonality.
Baseline State
That state of mind which is normal and habitual.
Behavior
Any activity that we engage in, including thought processes. One of the Neurological
Levels.
Beliefs
The generalisations we make about ourselves, others, and the world, and our operating
principles in it. One of the Neurological Levels.
Beyond Identity
That level of experience where you are most yourself and most your Self and you
are most connected with others. One of the Neurological Levels. The spiritual
level.
Body Language
The way we communicate with our body, without words or sounds. For example our
posture, gestures, facial expressions, appearance and accessing cues.
Break State
Using movement or distraction to change an emotional state,
C
Calibration
Accurately recognising another person's state by reading non-verbal signals.
Capability
A successful strategy for carrying out a task. A skill, or habit. Also a habitual
way of thinking. One of the Neurological Levels.
Chunking
Changing your perception by going up or down a level. the meta Model chunks down
from language by asking for specific instances. The Milton Model chunks up from
language by including a number of possible specific instances in a general phrase
structure.
Complex Equivalence
two statements that are considered to mean the same thing. For example -thinking
someone is not paying attention if they are not looking at you.
Congruence
Alignment of beliefs, values, skills and action. Being in rapport with oneself.
Conscious
Anything in present moment awareness.
Content reframing
Giving a statement or action another meaning, by asking 'What else could this
mean?'
Context reframing
Giving a statement or action another meaning by changing the context. Asking,
' In what context would this make sense?'
Conversational postulate
hypnotic form of language - a question that can be interpreted as a command. For
example, 'Have you taken the trash out?'
Criteria
values applied in a particular situation.
Criterial equivalents
Specific behaviours that let you know whether a value is fulfilled or violated.
Cross-over matching
Matching a person's body language with a different type of movement e.g. tapping
your foot in time to their speech rhythm.
D
Deep structure
The complete linguistic form of the statement from which the surface structure
(what is actually said) is derived.
Deletion
Missing out a portion of an experience.
Digital
Capable of discretely separate steps. Like a light switch which is on or off,
but cannot be a little on or a little off. Words are digital, they are either
said or not. The tonality is analogue, it can vary continuously.
Dissociated State
Being at one remove from an experience, seeing or hearing it from the outside.
Distortion
Changing experience, making it different in some way.
Downtime
In a light trance with your attention inwards on your own state.
E
Ecology
A concern and exploration of the overall consequences of your thoughts and actions
in the total web of relationships in which you define yourself as part. There
is also internal ecology, how a persons different thought and feelings fit together
to make them congruent or incongruent.
Elicitation
Drawing out, or evoking some behaviour, state or strategy.
Emotional State
see state.
Environment
The where, the when, and the people we are with. One of the Neurological Levels.
Eye Accessing Cues
Movements of the eyes in certain directions which indicate visual, auditory or
kinesthetic thinking.
Epistemology
The study of how we know what we know.
F
First Position
Perceiving the world from your own point of view only. Being in touch with you
own inner reality. One of three different perceptual positions, the others being
second and third position.
Flexibility
Having many choices of thought and behaviour to achieve an outcome. One of the
four pillars of NLP.
Frame
Way of looking at something, a particular point of view, e.g. negotiation frame
looks at behaviour as if it were a form of negotiation.
Future pace
Mentally rehearse an outcome. A mental simulation of hoped for future events.
G
Generalisation
The process by which one specific experience comes to represent a whole class
of experiences.
Gustatory
To do with the sense of taste.
H
I
Identity
Your self-image or self-concept. Who you take yourself to be. One of the Neurological
Levels.
Incongruence
State of being out of rapport with oneself, having internal conflict expressed
in behaviour. It may be sequential - for example, one action followed by another
that contradicts it - or simultaneous - for example, agreement in words but
with a doubtful voice tone.
In Time
Having a time line where the past is behind you and the future in front, with
the 'now' part, passing through your body.
Internal Dialogue
self talk.
J
K
Kinesthetic
The feeling sense, tactile sensations and internal feelings such as remembered
sensations, emotions, and the sense of balance.
L
Leading
Changing what you do with enough rapport for the other person to follow.
Lead System
The representational system you use to access stored information: for example,
for some people a mental picture of a holiday scene will bring back the whole
experience.
M
Map of Reality
(Model of the World) Each person's unique representation of the world built from
his or her individual perceptions and experiences.
Matching
Adopting parts of another person's behaviour, skills, belief or values for the
purpose of enhancing rapport.
Meta
Something is meta to another if it is at a higher chunk level. The word comes
from the Greek, meaning 'above or beyond'.
Metacognition
Knowing how you know. To not only have the skill but to be able to explain it.
Essential for teaching.
Meta Model
A set of language patterns and questions that link language with experience.
Metaphor
Indirect communication by a story or figure of speech implying a comparison. In
NLP metaphor covers similes, stories, parables and allegories.
Metaprograms
Habitual and systemic filters we put on our experience.
Milton Model
The inverse of the Meta Model, using artfully vague language patterns to pace
another person's experience.
Mirroring
Precisely matching parts of another person's behaviour.
Mismatching
Adopting different patterns of behaviour to another person, for the purpose of
interrupting their communication with you, (as in a meeting or conversation),
or their way of relating to themselves.
Modal operators of necessity
A linguistic term for words that imply rules about what is necessary. For example,
'should', 'must', 'ought', 'shouldn't', 'have to'.
Modal operators of possibility
A linguistic term for words that imply rules about what is possible. For example,
'can', 'cannot', 'possible', 'impossible'.
Model
A practical description of how something works. A deleted, distorted and generalised
description, simple enough, but not too simple to be useful.
Model of the world
(Map of reality) Each person's unique representation of the world built from his
or her individual perceptions and experiences.
Modelling
The process of discerning the sequence of ideas and behaviours that enable someone
to accomplish a task. The basis of NLP.
Multiple Description
The wisdom of having different points of view of the same event. There are three
perceptual positions. First position: your own reality, second position; another
person's reality, and third position: a detached viewpoint. Having all three is
called a triple description.
N
Neuro-Linguistic Programming
The study of excellence, and the study of the structure of subjective experience.
Neurological Levels
Different levels of experience: environment, behaviour, capability, belief, identity
and beyond identity. Developed mainly by Robert Dilts
New code
A description of NLP that comes from the work of John Grinder and Judith DeLozier
in their book, Turtles all the way Down.
Nominalisation
Linguistic term for the process of turning a verb into an abstract noun, and the
word for the noun so formed. (Relating becomes 'the relationship': a process has
become a thing).
O
Olfactory
To do with the sense of Smell.
Outcome
A specific, sensory based, desired goal. You know what you will see, hear and
feel when you have it. One of the four pillars of NLP.
P
Pacing
Gaining and maintaining rapport with another person over a period of time by meeting
them in their model of the world. Pacing yourself is paying attention to your
own experience without immediately trying to change it.
Perceptual filters
The unique ideas, beliefs and metaprograms that shape our experience.
Perceptual position
The viewpoint we take, either first position (our own), second position (another
person's) or third position (the relationship between the two).
Phonological ambiguity
Two words that sound the same but there\their difference is plain\plane to sea\see.
Positive Intention
The positive purpose underlying any action or belief.
Predicates
Sensory based words that indicate the use of one representational system.
Preferred Representational System
The representational system that an individual typically uses most to think consciously
and organise his or her experience.
Presuppositions
Ideas or beliefs that are presupposed, i.e. taken for granted and acted upon.
Punctuation ambiguity
Ambiguity created by merging two separate sentences into one can always try to
make sense of them.
Q
Quotes
Someone told me this meant, 'Linguistic pattern whereby you express your message
as if it came from somewhere else.'
R
Rapport
A relationship of trust and responsiveness with self or others. One of the four
pillars of NLP.
Reframing
Seeing an experience from another point of view , giving it a different meaning.
Re-imprinting
Format similar to Change History that allows a person to change key limiting beliefs
that they formed earlier in their life. Developed by Robert Dilts.
Representational System
The different channels whereby we re-present information on the inside, using
our senses: Visual, (sight), Auditory, (hearing), Kinesthetic, (body sensation),
Olfactory (smell) and Gustatory (taste).
Requisite variety
Flexibility of thought and behaviour.
Resources
Anything that can help one achieve an outcome, e.g. physiology, states, thoughts,
beliefs, strategies, experiences, people, events, possessions, places, stories,
etc.
S
Second Position
Experiencing the point of view of another person.
Self-modelling
Modelling your own states of excellence as resources.
Sensory Acuity
The process of learning to make finer and more useful distinctions from the sense
information we get from the world. One of the four pillars of NLP.
Somatic Pacing
Paying attention to your own body experience.
Spiritual
That level of experience where you are most yourself and most your Self and you
are most connected with others. One of the neurological levels.
State
The sum of our thoughts, feelings, emotions, physical and mental energy.
Strategy
A repeatable sequence of thought and behaviour which consistently produces a particular
outcome.
Submodalities
The fine distinctions we make within each representational system, the qualities
of our internal representations, the smallest building blocks of our thoughts.
Surface structure
The expressed communication that is derived from the deep structure by deletion,
distortion and generalisation.
Synesthesia
Automatic link from one sense to another. For example when a person's voice makes
you feel good.
Syntactic ambiguity
Ambiguous sentence with a verb ending in 'ing' (gerund) can be either an adjective
or a verb. For example, 'Influencing people can be fun.'
T
Third position
Taking the viewpoint of a detached observer, the systemic view.
Through Time
Having a time line where both past, present and future are in front of you.
Timeline
The line that connects your past with your future. The way we store pictures,
sounds and feelings of our past, present and future.
Trance
An altered state resulting in a temporarily fixed, narrowed and inward focus of
attention.
Triple Description
Seeing an event from first, second and third position.
U
Unconscious
Everything that is not in your present moment awareness.
Universal quantifiers
Linguistic term for words such as 'all' and 'every' and 'never' that admit no
exception.
Unspecified nouns
Nouns that do not clearly state who or what they refer to. e.g. 'they'.
Unspecified verbs
Verbs that are not clear, or have the adverb deleted. e.g. 'think' or 'do'.
Uptime
In a state with your attention outwards.
V
Values
Those things like health that are important to you.
Vestibular system
The sense of balance.
W
Well-formedness criteria
A set of criteria for expressing and thinking about an outcome which makes it
both achievable and verifiable.
X
Y
Z
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